Advantage of cross flow cooling tower industrial cooling towers that run on water are manufactured in different designs and configuration. Cross flow cooling tower cooling towers heat exchanger. Pdf the new twodimensional mathematical model of the performance of a crossflow cooling tower is presented. Apr 07, 2017 to learn more about cooling towers, visit the visual encyclopedia of chemical engineering. Crossflow cooling towers offer excellent, easy accessibility of all key components such as fill, drift eliminators, mechanical equipment and water distribution system. This section provides an introduction of cooling tower designs. Generally, every cross fluted fill could be cut to be installed in a crossflow cooling tower. Spencer kaufman with spx cooling technologies, inc. It accomplishes this by providing intimate mixing of water and air, which results in cooling primarily by evaporating approximately 1 % of the flow for each 10. Counterflow design cooling towers usually offer a smaller footprint than crossflow towers and allow maximum thermal performance out of each plan area. In every application the target portion of the nozzle should be located at the correct distance above the top of the cooling tower fill to obtain maximum. Conductivity trend for manual or timed blowdown control. In the horizontal plane, they refer to the approximate width and length of packed areas, and in the vertical plane to the height above basin kerb level. Cooling tower fundamentals spx cooling technologies.
Counter flow vs cross flow water cooling tower cooling. Energy savings variable frequency drives and cooling tower. With air flow rate, cooling tower performance increases. If it is not available it may be assumed as for natural draft cooling tower d 0. Evaporation results from the difference in saturated pressure between the water films and the vapor pressure of moisture in the air passing through the fill. Marley nc 8400 crossflow cooling tower more capacity. Counter flow vs cross flow counter flow cooling tower. Simulation of a counterflow and crossflow cooling tower by. The technical data has been taken from a mechanical draft cooling tower. Pdf simulation of a crossflow cooling tower performance. Induced draft cooling tower is suitable for large cell sizes and fan sizes as compared with forced draft. The volume flow rate of air and the mass flow rate of the required makeup water are to be determined. As counter flow towers, the dry cool air is inlet through louvers on both sides of the tower from the bottom, and drawn upwards passing a large heat exchange surface of the coils section under the induced fans, against the spraying water in the opposite way, becoming hot wet air, induced draught out of the tower into the atmosphere by the fans on the top.
Jun 22, 2018 cross flow gravity distributes the water through the nozzles uniformly across the fill material. Unlike natural draft cooling towers, mechanical draft cooling towers employ fans or other mechanics to circulate air through the tower. Our company was started with a philosophy that a quality product and service to the customers with integrity and for the benefit of our experience of more than 30 years. Exs series is an induced draft crossflow, film filled, frp multicell rectangular cooling tower designed for the equipment cooling, and industrial process cooling and air conditioning applications. Janssen, operational and engineering director wacon international ltd. Assumptions 1 steady operating conditions exist and thus mass flow rate of dry air remains constant during the entire process. Warm, moist air, which is more dense than cool air, will naturally rise through the tower, while the dry, cool air from outside will fall, creating a constant cycle of air flow. Wacon white paper counterflow vs crossflow cooling towers 1 cross flow or counter flow cooling tower. Counterflow towers also help minimize your pump head requirements. Advantage of cross flow cooling tower linkedin slideshare. Jan 17, 2015 advantage of cross flow cooling tower 1. As a result, the speed of exhaust air is much higher than the air that enters. The term induced draft denotes that air is drawn by fans through the flow of falling water and up and out of the cooling tower. The range of cooling towers offered in the fws series is for single, double and multicell configurations.
The rating factor is a measure of the cooling job difficulty. At least 3 feet of space shall be allowed on each access door side for crossflow towers and the minimum calculated clearance on all sides of counterflow towers, based on required intake area refer to mesans. The apparatus used in this study comprises a crossflow cooling tower. Range range is determined not by the cooling tower, but by the process it is serving. Larger fan size may result in greater efficiency and consequently lower power and sound level.
The major concern during i study the cooling tower theory was how to computerize the cooling tower theory from the calculation of ntu to the cooling tower performance analysis. Mechanical draft towers are available in the following airflow arrangements. Tower location location of the cooling tower must follow these guidelines. Counter flow cooling towers are fitted with an induced draught fan on the top and are directly mounted on the motor. Important properties of water a primary consideration for the operation of the. If you read this book carefully, you can make any cooling tower design programs by yourself. Energy savings variable frequency drives and cooling. Pdf cooling tower is one of the key components of a largescale water cooled condenser based airconditioning system, whose efficiency. The fan induces the ambient air into the tower to draft it upward. Cooling tower efficiency calculations cooling tower approach. The air flow enters the vertical faces of the equipment and through which the water flows down by gravity to.
Performance report of induced draft cross flow cooling tower. Outlet air outlet air is the mixture of air and its associated water vapor leaving the tower. Crossflow indicates that the airflow is horizontal in the filled portion of the tower while counterflow means the air flow is in the opposite direction of the falling water. This kind of design ensures that the tfc has advantages such, as lower gravity. Customize crystal entire range and capacity of cooling towers for specific requirements. Provide and install a cross flow induced draft horizontal discharge cooling tower protec series frs, flow rates, capacities and design temperatures shall be as indicated on the drawings. We are cross flow cooling tower manufacturers, suppliers, exporters in india.
In cross flow cooling tower type, the air flow is in perpendicular direction to the water flow. Jun 26, 2018 spencer kaufman with spx cooling technologies, inc. Midwest cooling towers offers a wide choice of crossflow cooling tower models in the classic, proven crossflow design. Cross flow is a design in which the air flow is directed perpendicular to the water flow air flow enters one or more vertical faces of the cooling tower to meet the fill material. Together with the dosing pumps and the provided accessories, they are designed to guarantee the correct and efficient treatment of water flow in a cooling tower. One helpful means to that end is the water cooling tower. Exs series is an induced draft cross flow, film filled, frp multicell rectangular cooling tower designed for the equipment cooling, and industrial process cooling and air conditioning applications. Cross flow cooling tower has made from cross flow induced draft technology. Such a fill, however, would not perfectly fit the requirements. Cooling towers are designed and manufactured in many sizes and configurations. Tower manufacturer must be a member of the cooling technology institute cti and cooling tower shall be certified as per cti std. The project deals with the performance study and analysis of induced draft cooling tower, which is one of the deciding factors used for increasing the power plant efficiency also modelling and analysis of flow using software. This heavyduty cooling tower designed of noncorrosive materials is energy efficient and its cross flow design offers ease of maintenance.
Counterflow towers counterflow cooling towers have upward air flow that directly opposes the downward flow of the water providing very good thermal efficiency because the coolest air contacts the coolest water in the bottom section of the tower structure. In cross flow induced draft cooling towers, air enters one or more vertical faces of the cooling tower and moves horizontally through the fill material. The payback period on new installations can be months and typically less than 2 years on the retrofit of existing cooling towers. The counterflow splash fill cooling tower is the predecessor to the counterflow film fill cooling tower. Gtm series counter flow closed water cooling tower buy. This design virtually eliminates ineffective space in the cooling layers, thus providing excellent cooling efficiency and space economy. Other factors, which we will see, must be stated along with flow rate m3hr.
Again, this will be a first issue releasing the actual engineering approach. Performance analyses of counterflow closed wet cooling towers. Pdf theoretical and experimental study of a crossflow induced. Understanding the different types of cooling towers. Proven with nearly 60 years of service, the counterflow splash fill cooling tower is best suited for industrial applications where water quality is not controlled.
Simulation of a counterflow and crossflow cooling tower. From the results obtained, the characteristic curve of crossflow cooling towers was. Induced draft cooling tower have the ability to handle large water flow rate than forced draft cooling tower 2. The number of tower tu water flow rate gpm x rating factor. Cross flow cooling tower has made from cross flowinduced draft technology. Drift eliminators are installed to prevent water entrained in the air from leaving the system. The exs series cooling towers are specifically designed to meet maximum performance and reliability, and minimum maintenance. According to them, the design of cooling tower is affected by tower characteristics and different types of losses generated in cooling tower. Crossflow indicates that the airflow is horizontal in the filled portion of the tower while counterflow means the air. We are manufacturer, exporters and suppliers of frp cooling tower bottle shape cfseries, frp cross flow cooling tower fxvseries, timber cooling tower cross flow design mxseries, frp cooling tower counter flow design cfsseries, frp cooling tower cross flow design fxseries and frp cooling tower natural draught nxseries at. The tower shell is a cylindrical, bottle shaped design which minimizes internal pressure drop. Cross flow gravity distributes the water through the nozzles uniformly across the fill material. Drift loss of the cooling tower is normally provided by the cooling tower manufacturer based on the process design. To learn more about cooling towers, visit the visual encyclopedia of chemical engineering.